With Sloka 32, the main topic of dyana yoga is completed.
Sloka 33
Arjuna, while appreciating Bhagavan's teaching, asks a question to Krishna. Arjuna said that he could not retain the wonderful teachings because of his wandering mind.He was not able to stabilise his mind
Sloka 34
Arjuna compares the controlling of mind to that of controlling the wind (vayu), since it is always moving. Vayu is freely available and it is essential for life. Agni, next in line,is always available (through sun). Water is less in availability, compared to Agni & vayu and one can survive for some time without water. Food (from prithvi) is less important compared to air (vayu) and water for survival.Mind , by nature is always moving (wandering in thoughts), repeats the mistakes, stubborn ( not learning), strong in one's own ideas. Since the mind is always wavering,one is unable to do many things. the quality of one's life is in his mind. People tend to ignore the health of the mind, while they worry about their body's health. Sankaracharya says that mind only is the cause of bondage or freedom.
Sloka35
Bhagavan is aware of Arjun'a mind . As a great psychologist, He agrees with him by saying that mind is uncontrollable and wavering. When one's mind is wavering, he or she is unable to do many things. Mind has to be involved to bring out the quality in one's action.The desired result cannot be achieved, if the mind is not involved. By addressing Arjuna as "maha bhaho", Bhagavan implies that the physical strength will not help him to overcome his wavering mind. It (wavering mind) can be controlled by practice and vyrakyam. One should practice to keep one's mind only on the job on hand. Whenever it starts wandering, the mind should be brought back to concentrate on the job. Vyrakyam cannot be imposed upon; it should be got only by understanding. Vyrakyam , due to compulsion, does not continue, while Vyrakyam born out of Vivekam (understanding)lasts.
Sloka 36
One , who is not in control of one's mind, the practice (yoga) is very difficult. One, who is mentally well disciplined, can achieve the result by putting sufficient efforts. The disciplining of the mind has to be continuously trained and practice.The mind can be trained , by self imposing punishments , whenever it wanders away.
Slokas 37, 38, 39
Arjuna has one more important doubt. There are four types of people, according to spirituality.1)the one, who has completed .2)one who has interest in spirituality,but engrossed in material life. 3)One who does not like the spiritual study , a non-believer (more like a Nastika).4) one who has interest and started his spiritual study, but for some reason, could not complete his sadhana in his life.
Now Arjuna's doubt is " what will happen to the person, who could not attain self knowledge? Will this person, who had done Sadhana sacrificing the material life, lose both (Material & Spiritual achievements)? Will this person, like a broken separated cloud without any power, be lost in his pursuit ?" Further, Arjuna tells Bhagavan that there is nobody other than Him , to clear his doubt and He is the only one who can do that. None of us know anything about life before birth or after death. We can make only guesses as we do not have any clue on this.
Sloka 40
Bhagavan assures Arjuna that there is no loss in both present life and life after death, for a spiritual person. All persons who are in spiritual path, need not worry about their sadhana's efforts.
Sloka 41
Whatever is encouraged, people do not follow and they like to do things which are discouraged.
A person does not eat anything due to poverty and another does not eat anything as vridham. The difference between the two is that the former is full of worry and the latter is happy that he is able to do.
One cannot know about his future and astrology is not meant for that.Bhagavan is the the only one, who knows the past, present and future of all jivas. Arjuna wanted to know about the result of partially completed sadhana and whether the efforts would be lost. Bhagavan says that all the spiritual persons would be rewarded and they would be taken to Swargaloka. Swargaloka is full of best of all material comforts, which will be enjoyed by Yogabrashta(person with partially completed sadhana), due to the punyam accumulated in his worldly life. Since he is not a mukta purusha, he will have a birth.Yogabrashta will be born in a wealthy and cultured family ( good set up for a spiritual life).
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